Man Pleads Guilty to Identity Theft and Tax Evasion

A New Jersey man pleaded guilty Wednesday, January 30, 2013, in connection with his role in a large-scale identity-theft scheme. If convicted, he faces up to 52 years in prison. This case is being investigated by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement's (ICE) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI), FBI, Internal Revenue Service's (IRS) Criminal Investigation and the Bergen County Prosecutor's Office.

Sang-Kyu Seo, 63, of Palisades Park, N.J., pleaded guilty to charges of conspiracy to unlawfully produce identification documents and false identification documents, aggravated identity theft, conspiracy to commit wire fraud, conspiracy to commit bank fraud and tax evasion.

According to court documents, Seo was the owner and operator of Hang Jin Yi Inc., doing business as Hwangini, a salon located in North Bergen, N.J., and Pier 7 Corporation, a purported small business located in Palisades Park.

Seo conspired with Sang-Hyun Park, aka Jimmy, and others, to obtain a Social Security number beginning with the prefix '586' for another individual. These 586 Social Security numbers were issued by the U.S. to individuals, usually from China, who were employed in American territories, such as Guam. Park is alleged to have been the leader of a criminal organization headquartered in Bergen County that obtained, brokered and sold identity documents to customers to commit credit card fraud, bank fraud, tax fraud and other crimes.

Park pleaded guilty Jan. 9 to his role in the enterprise, and is awaiting sentencing.

This criminal enterprise engaged in the fraudulent 'build-up' of credit scores associated with the Chinese identities. They did so by adding the Chinese identity as an authorized user to the credit card accounts of various co-conspirators - members of the enterprise's credit build-up teams who received a fee for this service. By attaching the Chinese identities to these existing credit card accounts, the teams increased the credit scores associated with the Chinese identities to between 700 and 800. The members of the build-up teams did not know the real person to whom the identity belonged or virtually any of the customers who had purchased the identities.

After building up the credit associated with these identities, Park and his co-conspirators directed, coached and assisted the customers in opening bank accounts and obtaining credit cards. Park and his co-conspirators then used these accounts and credit cards to commit fraud. Park relied on several collusive merchants who possessed credit card processing machines. For a fee, known as a 'kkang fee,' these collusive merchants charged the fraudulently obtained credit cards, although no transaction took place. After receiving the money into their merchant accounts from these fraudulent transactions, the collusive merchants gave the money to Park and his co-conspirators, minus their kkang fee.

Seo admitted that he obtained a 586 Social Security card and counterfeit driver's licenses through Park for a family member, who then used this identity to 'bust out' credit cards. Seo also admitted that he gave his corporate and personal credit cards to Park for the purpose of 'busting out' these maxed-out credit cards. In furtherance of this conspiracy, Park and his co-conspirators issued worthless checks, drawn on bank accounts that had been established using the 586 identities, as payment toward the balances on Seo's credit cards.

Before the banks and credit card companies realized that these checks were bogus, Park and his co-conspirators charged Seo's credit cards through collusive merchants or used them to purchase merchandise.

Seo also admitted that in 2007, with the assistance of a loan broker, he fraudulently obtained a $100,000 commercial loan on behalf of Pier 7. Seo admitted that he and the loan broker made false statements to obtain the loan including falsely representing that his businesses annual revenue was about $620,000.

Finally, Seo admitted that he committed tax evasion by issuing checks to himself and others, representing income derived through the operation of Hwangini, and then failing to report this income on his personal tax returns.

Seo admitted that in April 2008, he filed an individual income tax return for tax year 2007. This return declared that his taxable income for calendar year 2007 was about $197, and the amount of tax due and owing was about $19. Seo admitted that this return failed to include $304,848 in additional taxable income that he had received in 2007, thus having an additional tax of $81,643 due to the United States government.

Seo's sentencing is scheduled for May 14.

Fraudulent Document Mill Shut Down by HSI

Two Fresno-area residents were arraigned Friday, December 14, 2012, on federal charges stemming from a probe by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement's (ICE) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) that allegedly revealed they operated a fraudulent document mill.

Antonio Mora-Cruz, 45, and Soledad Vargas-Herrera, 59, both of Madera, were arraigned before U.S. Magistrate Judge Shelia K. Oberto on a 12-count indictment charging them with conspiring to produce and sell false identification documents. Mora-Cruz was also charged with being a deported alien found in the United States. The two defendants have been in custody since their arrest Dec. 4, 2012.

According to the indictment, between November and December, Mora-Cruz and Vargas-Herrera produced false identification documents at a residence in Madera they used as a fraudulent document mill. During the course of the conspiracy, customers would place orders for false documents directly with Mora-Cruz and Vargas-Herrera. The defendants took photographs and biographical information from the customers and used the information to produce fraudulent Social Security cards and alien registration cards, also known as "green cards." Mora-Cruz and Vargas-Herrera then delivered the completed false documents to customers, charging approximately $120 for a set of counterfeit cards.

Assistant U.S. Attorney Christopher Baker is prosecuting the case.

If convicted, each defendant faces a maximum penalty of 15 years in prison and a $250,000 fine.

State Official Pleads Guilty to Obtaining Fraudulent Licenses for Illegal Aliens

An employee at a contracted state license office pleaded guilty in federal court Tuesday, December 11, 2012, to conspiracy to unlawfully assist more than 100 illegal aliens obtain fraudulent Missouri driver's licenses.

This guilty plea resulted from an extensive investigation led by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement's (ICE) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI), in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Revenue's Compliance and Investigation Bureau, and numerous other federal, state and local investigative agencies.

Thomas Richard McNamara III, 26, of St. Joseph, Mo., pleaded guilty to participating in a conspiracy to unlawfully produce identification documents, to unlawfully transfer the means of identification of another person, and to commit Social Security fraud.

McNamara was employed at a contracted license office in St. Joseph during the time of the conspiracy. In September 2009, McNamara began conspiring with others to provide Missouri driver's or non-driver's licenses to illegal aliens who were not legally entitled to them based on the false supporting identity documentation provided.

Based on this operation, illegal aliens traveled across the United States to obtain licenses from this license office by using unlawfully obtained birth certificates and Social Security cards. It is estimated that more than 100 Missouri licenses had been unlawfully issued to illegal aliens as part of this conspiracy.

According to McNamara, it was common knowledge among the employees at the license office that co-conspirators were assisting illegal aliens to unlawfully obtain licenses.

McNamara admitted that he was paid $50 to $100 each time he accepted fraudulent documents from illegal aliens, who were escorted to the office by co-conspirators disguised as translators. These fraudulent documents included invalid Puerto Rican birth certificates and certain state-issued birth certificates in the names of other persons. After accepting these documents, McNamara issued licenses to the illegal aliens who had assumed the identities of others. The licenses could then be used by the illegal aliens to remain in the United States, obtain employment, and for other unlawful purposes.

McNamara admitted that he accepted improper documents about two to three times per week, but he didn't do this every week. Co-conspirators often called McNamara before bringing aliens to the license office to make sure he was working, and to inform him they were bringing clients. McNamara met with co-conspirators on numerous occasions during non-work hours at locations other than the licensing office to receive payment.

Under the terms of the plea agreement, McNamara must pay a money judgment of at least $125,000.

Under federal statutes, McNamara is also subject to a sentence of up to five years in federal prison without parole, plus a fine up to $250,000 and an order of restitution. A sentencing hearing will be scheduled after the U.S. Probation Office completes a pre-sentence investigation.

Numerous law enforcement agencies assisted the HSI-led investigation, including the following agencies: Buchanan County (Mo.) Sheriff's Department; the St. Joseph (Mo.) Police Department; the Platte County (Mo.) Sheriff's Department; the Missouri State Highway Patrol; the U.S. Social Security Administration's Office of Inspector General; and the U.S. Postal Inspection Service.